Spanish Imperfect Subjunctive: the -ra and -se forms

Short answer

Take the ellos form of the preterite, drop -ron and add -ra or -se: hablaron → hablara or hablase. Both endings mean the same thing. You need it after past-tense triggers and in si clauses about the unreal: si tuviera tiempo…

Level B2 · verbs, subjunctive

The rule in full

How to build it: take the ellos form of the indefinido, drop -ron, add the endings. This works for every verb, irregulars included.

hablaron → habla- · comieron → comie- · tuvieron → tuvie-

-ra form-se form
yohablarahablase
hablarashablases
él/ellahablarahablase
nosotroshabláramoshablásemos
vosotroshablaraishablaseis
elloshablaranhablasen

Both forms are interchangeable; -ra is far more common in speech.

Uses

UseExample
Past triggerQuería que vinieras.
Unreal conditionSi tuviera dinero, viajaría.
PolitenessQuisiera un café.
As ifHabla como si fuera experto.

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